Rule- 1 ▶ Present Indefinite Tense এর subject যদি third person singular number হয় তাহলে verb এর শেষে s, es যােগ হবে। subject যদি plural number হয় তাহলে, verb এর শেষে s/es যােগ হবে না।
যেমনঃ
He plays football.
She writes a letter.
They play football.
Rule-2 ▶ Present indefinite Tense এর বাক্যের subject third person ও singular number হলেও বাক্যটি যদি negative হয় তাহলে তাতে does not ব্যবহৃত হয় এবং তখন verb এর সাথে s/es হয় না।
যেমনঃ
He goes to market. (Affirmative) (সে বাজারে যায়)
He does not go to market. (Negative) (সে বাজারে যায় না)।
Rule-3 ▶ Modal Auxiliary verb (Can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, must, ought to, need, dare, have to etc.) এর পরে verb এর present form বসে এবং verb এর সাথে কোন কিছু যােগ হয় না।
যেমনঃ
He can do the work.
I shall go to University.
You should study attentively.
You must obey your parents.
Rule-4 ▶ Sentence টি passive voice হলে এবং modal auxiliary verb (can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would etc.) এর পরে verb এর past participle form বসে।
যেমনঃ
It can be done.
It can be written.
This problem can be solved.
Rule-5 ▶ বাক্যটি যদি universal truth (চিরন্তন সত্য) হয় এবং অভ্যাসগত কাজ বােঝায় তাহলে present indefinite tense হবে।
যেমনঃ
The earth moves round the sun.
The sun rises in the east.
Rule-6 ▶ Sentence এ yet, just, just now, recently, already, lately, ever ইত্যাদি থাকলে present perfect tense হবে।
যেমনঃ
I have seen him lately.
Have you ever been to Cox’s bazar?
Rule-7 ▶ Simple Sentence এর দুটি verb থাকলে দ্বিতীয় verb এর সাথে ing যােগ হয়।
যেমনঃ
He saw the boy playing in the field.
I heard him speaking English.
I had better go home.
I would rather die than beg.
I won’t let you go.
Rule-8 ▶ Sentence এ yesterday, ago, last year, last week, last month, that day, day before ইত্যাদি থাকলে past indefinite tense হবে।
যেমনঃ
He saw the boy playing in the field yesterday
I received his letter long ago.
I left the job last year.
I was born in 1972.
I visited him that day.
Rule-9 ▶ Had, rather, let, would better, had better, need not, do not, does not, did not, did never ইত্যাদি এর পর present form of verb বসে।
যেমনঃ
He came home yesterday.
I went to Khulna last month.
He didn’t go to University yesterday.
Rule- 10 ▶Mind, would you mind, Do you mind, could not help, cannot help এর পরে verb এর সাথে ing যোগ হয়।
যেমনঃ
Do you mind keeping the phone here? (এখানে ফোনটি রাখলে তােমার অসুবিধা হবে কি ?)
Would you mind closing the door? (দরজাটি বন্ধ করলে আপনার সমস্যা হবে?)
Rule- 11 ▶ With a view to/look forward to, get used to এর পর verb এর সাথে ing যােগ হবে।
যেমনঃ
I’m looking forward to seeing you.
I went shopping with a view to buying a mobile.
Rule-12 ▶ Each, every, either, neither, everyone, everybody, everything, anybody, nobody, no one, nothing, anything ইত্যাদি থাকলে verb এর singular number ব্যবহৃত হয়।
যেমনঃ
Each of the students was present.
One of the robbers was very clever.
Neither of the two brothers was present in the class.
Rule- 13 ▶ ব্র্যাকেটে (be) থাকলে person, number এবং tense অনুযায়ী am/is/are/was/were/been হবে|
যেমনঃ
Allah (be) everywhere. Allah is everywhere.
It (be) ten years ago. It was ten years ago.
One of my friends (be) an Polite person. One of my friends is/was an Polite person.
Rule- 14 ▶ বই/দেশের নাম দেখতে plural হলেও তাদের পরে singular verb বসে।
যেমন:
“The hundreds” is a famous book.
The United States of America is a rich country.
Rule- 15 ▶ কোন Sentence যদি Gerund দ্বারা শুরু হয়, Subject এর স্থানে Verb থাকে তবে সেক্ষেত্রে অবশ্যই Verb+ing যুক্ত হবে।
যেমনঃ
Walking is a good exercise.
Helping the poor is a quality of an honest guy
Being honest is a great virtues
Rule- 16 ▶ Sentence এ যদি now বা at this moment থাকে, তাহলে Verb এর Present Continuous Tense হয়।
যেমনঃ
The boy is coming now.
We are eating now.
They are playing in the field at this moment.
Rule- 17 ▶ Always, often, regularly, sometimes, daily, everyday ইত্যাদি থাকে (এক্ষেত্রে যদি সময়ের উল্লেখ না থাকে, তবে present indefinite tense হবে।
যেমনঃ
Tipu always disturbs me.
He prepares his assignment regularly.
Rule-18 ▶ Sentence এর শুরুতে যদি would that থাকে তাহলে subject এর পর could বসে এবং এরপর verb এর present form বসে।
যেমনঃ
Would that I could be a writer like William Shakespeare.
Would that I could buy a Samsung smartphone.
Would that I could visit Sent martin!
Rule- 19 ▶ Adjective এর আগে the বসলে subject টি plural হয় এবং সেই অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
যেমনঃ
The rich are not always happy.
The poor live from hand to mouth.
You need to go there in time.
I will go to market to buy a mobile.
Rule-20 ▶ As if, as though দ্বারা দুইটি clause যুক্ত হলে প্রথম clause টির verb present tense এর হলেও পরবর্তী clause টির verb এর past indefinite tense হয়।
যেমনঃ
He talks as if he were mad.
Rana behaves as though he were very serious.
Rule-21 ▶ To এর পরে সাধারণতঃ verb এর present form বসে।
যেমন:
He talks as if he were (was নয়) fool – সে বােকার মত কথা বলে।
The Man behaves as if he owned the property –
He has been playing cricket since morning.
They have been waiting for 2 hours.
Rule-22 ▶যদি had/if যুক্ত clause টি past indefinite tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি তে subject এর পর would/could/might বসে এবং verb এর present form হয়।
If he came, I would go to the market.
If I were rich enough, I would go to America. যদি had/if যুক্ত clause টি past perfect tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি তে subject এর পর would have/could have/might have বসে এবং verb এর past participle form হয়।
যেমন: If he had come, I would have gone home.
Rule-23 ▶ Since বা for এর পর সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকলে সেটি present perfect continuous tense হবে।
যেমনঃ
The farmer has been working since morning.
Mehenaj has been reading for two hours.
Rule-24 ▶ একই দৈর্ঘ্য, পরিমাণ বা স্থান বুঝালে subject দেখতে plural হলেও verb singular হয়।
যেমন:
40 miles is a long way.
10 Minutes is enough to explain this topic.
6,000 Taka is enough to buy a new mobile.
Rule-25 ▶ Wish/fancy/it is time/it is high time.
যেমনঃ
I wish I won the game.
It is high time you changed your bad habits.
Rule-26 ▶ While এর পর verb থাকলে সেটির সাথে ing যােগ হয়। কিন্তু while এর পর subject থাকলে এর অংশটি past continuous tense হয়।
যেমন:
While it was raining, I was watching TV.
While taking dinner, he received the phone.
Rule-27 ▶ বর্তমানে কোন কাজ সম্পন্ন হয়েছে এরুপ অনুমান বুঝালে তখন verb এর future perfect tense হবে, Subject + shall/will + have + verb (past participle)
যেমন:
Ruhi will have reached New Market by this time. – রুহী হয়ত (নিশ্চিত অনুমান) এতক্ষনে নিউমার্কেট
পৌছে গেছে লক্ষনীয় বিষয়ঃএখানে Verb এর future perfect tense ব্যবহার হল। তার মানে এই নয় যে, কাজটি future এরা বরং, রুল অনুযায়ী বাক্যে অনুমান প্রকাশ পাচ্ছে এরুপ ক্ষেত্রে future perfect tense দ্বারা বর্তমানকে বুঝাতে পারে।
Rule-28. If দ্বারা যুক্ত clause টি যদি present indefinite tense হয় তাহলে পরের clause টি future indefinite tense হবে।
যেমন:
If he comes, I’ll go.
If you want it, I’ll buy.
You can solve it by trying more.
You can enjoy the game by watching TV.
He has a lot of money.
Rule-29 ▶ By এর পর verb এর সাথে ing যােগ হবে।
যেমনঃ
By working hard, you can success in life
Without performing well, you can’t win the race.
Rule-30 ▶ বাক্যে have/has থাকলে সেটি present perfect tense হবে|
যেমনঃ
They have gone there.
Rinky has decided to go to picnic.
Rule- 31 ▶ For, of, in, without, with, before, after ইত্যাদি preposition এর পরে verb এর সাথে ing যুক্ত হয়।
যেমনঃ
You can’t go to office without taking permission.
He is watching the game at the stadium.
They are playing cricket.
Rule-32 ▶ বর্তমান কালে চলছে এমন কোন কাজ বোঝালে present continuous tense হয়
যেমনঃ
Now Tanisa is watching TV.
At present we are going to Dhaka to join the ceremony.
Rule- 33 ▶ কোন sentence যদি there দ্বারা শুরু হয় এবং তারপর singular number থাকে তবে there এর singular verb হয়, আরা যদি there এর পর plural number থাকে তবে plural verb হয়।
যেমন:
There are three books on the table.
There was a great man in Yemen.
Rule-34 ▶ Main clause এর verb টি past tense হলে ও পরের অংশে next day, next week, next month, next year ইত্যাদি উল্লেখ থাকলে subject এর পরে should/would বসে।
যেমন:
We worked hard, we should make a good result next examination.
Rule-35 ▶ দুইয়ের অধিক pronoun/subject and দিয়ে যুক্ত হলে plural verb হয়।
যেমন:
Rana and Sujon are two friends.
Rajahahi and Dhaka are beautiful city.
Rule-36 ▶ Interrogative sentence এর যদি who, why, what, which, when ইত্যাদি question word দিয়ে শুরু হয় তাহলে subject এর আগে tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
যেমন:
What is your openion about this ?
When does he go to school everytday?
Rule-37 ▶ since দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে এবং since এর আগের অংশ present indefinite/present perfect tense হলে পরের অংশ verb এর past indefinite tense হয়।
যেমন:
It has been long since we first met.
He has struggled hard since I instructed.
Rule-38 ▶ since দ্বারা clause যুক্ত থাকলে এবং since এর আগে clause বা । বাক্যের অংশ past indefinite tense হলে পরের অংশ verb এর past perfect tense হয়।
যেমন:
It was long since I had met with her.
It was long since we had been member of this club.
Rule-39 ▶কোন sentence এর subject singular number হলে verb singular হ্য এবং subject plural number হলে verb plural হয়।
যেমন:
He is a good guy.
They are playing football.
It (to be) very easy to do. Ans: It is very easy to do.
English is spoken all over the world.
We are taught English by online.
Read attentively lest you should fail in the exam.
Rule- 40 ▶ কোন sentence যদি it দ্বারা শুরু হয় তাহলে তার পরবর্তী verb singular number হবে।
যেমন:
It is a beautiful city.
It is nice to meet you.
Rule- 41▶Passive voice এর সময় tense ও person অনুযায়ী auxiliary verb ও verb এর past participle form বসে।
যেমন:
Ac: I eat rice.
Pass: Rice is eaten by me.
Ac: Saila was making a paper boat.
Pass: A paper boat was being made by Saila.
Rule- 42 ▶ Lest দ্বারা দুটি clause যুক্ত থাকলে, Lest এর পরবর্তী subject এর সাথে Auxiliary verb should/might বসে।
যেমন:
Walk fast lest you should miss the train.
Read attentively lest you sould make a very bad result.
Rule- 43 ▶ Each, any, no, some এসব শব্দের পরে singular noun থাকলে Auxiliary Verbও singular হবে।
যেমন:
Each and everyone has the right to say this. (প্রত্যেকেরই এটা বলার অধিকার আছে)
Something was under the table. (টেবিলের নিচে কিছু ছিলাে)
The bus had left the station before we reached. ▣ Rule-45 ▶ একাধিক subject “and” দিয়ে যুক্ত হলে plural verb হয়।
Rule-44 ▶ After এর পরের এবং before এর আগের clause টি past perfect tense হবে এবং অন্য clause টি past indefinite tense হবে৷
যেমনঃ
She and he are siblings.
Tomal and Tarek are good friends.
Milk is good for health.
Water is very important for life.
We not (play) cricket. Ans: We don’t play cricket
I have finished the word.
He has done the work.
Rule- 46 ▶ Uncountable noun (Oxygen, air, water, milk, smoke) ইত্যাদির ক্ষেত্রে singular verb হয়।
যেমন:
Oxigen is very important for human being.
Milk is an ideal food.
Rule- 47 ▶ Verb “to be” বিহীন sentence কে Negative করতে হলে Tense ও subject এর Number ও person অনুসারে Do, does, did ব্যবহার করতে হবে।
যেমন:
They do not play together.
Rehan does not like surfing.
Rule-48 ▶ বাক্যে have/has থাকলে সেটি present perfect tense হবে।
যেমন:
Rinky has made a brilliant result this year.
We have decided to open a new business.
Rule- 49 ▶ Having এর পরে মূল verb এর past participle হয়।
যেমনঃ
Having learnt Computer I will go to America
Having made fun the man went away.
Rule-50 ▶ “To be verb (am, is, are, was were) ইত্যাদি থাকলে Passive voice এর ক্ষেত্রে verb এর past participle হয়।
যেমনঃ
The laptop was stolen by thief.
The house is sold last year.